Minecraft Statistics 2026: Mind-Blowing Growth Data

Minecraft remains one of the world’s largest and most enduring gaming ecosystems. What began as a sandbox game has grown into a global platform for entertainment, education, creator businesses, multiplayer communities, and digital commerce. Schools use Minecraft Education to teach coding, science, history, and collaborative problem-solving, while creators build maps, skins, servers, and videos for audiences that span multiple generations. The franchise has also expanded into film, merchandise, branded collaborations and physical attractions, giving Minecraft a commercial footprint that reaches far beyond game sales.

With more than 350 million copies sold, hundreds of millions of estimated active players and adoption across 40,000 school systems in 140 countries, Minecraft continues to influence how people play, create, learn and interact online. The statistics in this article show how its player base, revenue, engagement, media reach and wider cultural impact continue to evolve.

Editor’s Choice

• Minecraft reached 350 million copies sold by April 2025, retaining its record as the best-selling video game by reported unit sales.
• Its previous confirmed milestone was 300 million copies in October 2023, meaning another 50 million-plus copies moved in roughly 18 months.
• Aggregated 2026 datasets estimate approximately 212.32 million monthly active players, though this figure should not be treated as a new official MAU disclosure.
• Minecraft’s estimated monthly player count reached a 2025 high of 222.5 million in June, one of the strongest engagement periods reported by player trackers.
• An estimated 31.96 million people play per day on average across Minecraft’s ecosystem in 2026.
• The United States represents an estimated 21.21% of tracked active players, the largest individual national share in commonly cited regional datasets.
• Players ages 15 to 21 account for about 43% of the audience in available demographic estimates, making teens and young adults the largest reported age segment.
• In 2024 alone, players broke more than 300 billion blocks, one of the clearest first-party indicators of the game’s continuing engagement at scale.
• During the same 2024 activity period, players tamed more than 100 million wolves, showing how even individual game mechanics can generate tens of millions of interactions.

Recent Developments

• Minecraft players mined 4.25 billion stone blocks between Jan. 7 and Jan. 12, 2026, completing an official community challenge in only five days.
• Java Edition 26.1 launched March 24, 2026, introducing the Tiny Takeover drop and expanding baby-mob variants and related gameplay features.
• The follow-up 26.1.1 hotfix arrived April 1, 2026, just eight days after the main release.
• Version 26.1.2 followed on April 9, 2026, demonstrating the short turnaround used to address critical post-release issues.
• A February 2026 development snapshot updated the models and textures of at least six listed baby mobs, including bees, foxes, goats, camels, armadillos, and polar bears.
• By June 30, 2026, development had moved into the 26.3 snapshot cycle, including rendering changes and mob-behavior optimizations.
• Minecraft’s 2025 programming shifted toward multiple game drops per year, with two major live broadcasts used to preview upcoming content rather than relying only on one annual reveal cycle.
• The March 2025 live presentation had accumulated more than 9 million views on its official video page by the time of the retrieved data, showing substantial demand for update announcements.
• The September 2025 broadcast had accumulated more than 4 million views, extending the audience for the newer twice-yearly presentation format.
• In 2025, A Minecraft Movie opened with approximately $314 million worldwide, including $163 million from North America, extending the franchise into one of the year’s largest theatrical gaming releases.

Overview of Minecraft’s Global Reach

• Minecraft has sold more than 350 million copies worldwide, confirming demand across several generations of consoles, computers and mobile devices.
• The game crossed 300 million sales in October 2023, then added at least 50 million more by April 2025.
• A current program page states that more than 100 million people worldwide play Minecraft, underscoring the size of the addressable community even without a new official unified MAU disclosure.
• Educational deployments have reached more than 100 countries, where Minecraft has supported subjects including physics, science, art, poetry and history.
• In 2024, the community explored more than 85 million biomes, providing an unusual first-party measure of worldwide gameplay activity.
• Players broke over 300 billion blocks during 2024, equivalent to more than 950 blocks for every second of the year when averaged across all 12 months.
• Players defeated 20 million breezes during the same year, indicating substantial adoption of content tied to newer gameplay systems.
• Players opened 4 million ominous vaults in 2024, another measurable indicator of engagement with newer challenge-based content.
• The community crafted more than 2 million maces and more than 1 million pieces of wolf armor in 2024, showing millions of players engaging with recently introduced equipment.
• The franchise’s cultural reach translated into theaters in 2025, when A Minecraft Movie earned roughly $961 million globally.

Minecraft Player Base Size and Demographics

• Tracker-based datasets place the 2026 monthly audience around 212.32 million active players, although the figure remains an estimate rather than an official consolidated count.
• The estimated average Minecraft player is about 24 years old, reflecting an audience that has aged alongside the game.
• Players ages 15 to 21 form the largest estimated demographic group at 43% of the player base.
• Players ages 22 to 30 represent about 21% of the estimated audience.
• Users younger than 15 account for approximately 20.6% of the reported demographic distribution.
• Adults ages 30 to 65 make up about 15% of players in the same demographic model, reinforcing Minecraft’s cross-generational reach.
• Players older than 65 represent an estimated 0.5% of the audience, a small share but evidence that Minecraft usage extends well beyond children and young adults.
• Available demographic estimates put the gender mix at about 54% male and 32% female, with the remaining 14% categorized as nonbinary, another identity, or unspecified in the underlying compilation.
• Around 50% of adult players reportedly prefer single-player gameplay, while younger players show a stronger preference for playing with friends or family.
• Approximately 11% of surveyed parents in one compiled demographic dataset reported playing Minecraft with their children, illustrating its role as a family gaming activity as well as an individual one.

Minecraft Daily and Monthly Active Users

• Current 2026 compilations estimate approximately 212.32 million monthly active Minecraft players across the wider ecosystem.
• Average daily activity is estimated at roughly 31.96 million players in 2026.
• One aggregated dataset puts peak daily activity at approximately 61.75 million players.
• Minecraft’s estimated monthly audience reached 222.5 million in June 2025, the highest value reported in the tracker series cited by multiple 2026 compilations.
• The same dataset estimated 215.2 million monthly players in January 2025.
• February 2025 was estimated at 212.8 million monthly players, about 2.4 million below January.
• March 2025 rose to an estimated 218.4 million monthly users, a 2.6% increase in that tracking series.
• April 2025 recorded an estimated 204.1 million monthly users, before activity strengthened again later in the spring.
• May 2025 increased to roughly 208.7 million monthly players, followed by the June peak.
• A separate live-player methodology estimated between 91 million and 137 million monthly players in August 2026. The wide gap between tracking methodologies highlights why current Minecraft MAU estimates should not be mixed with official historical disclosures without clear labeling.

Minecraft Sales and Copies Sold Over Time

• Minecraft reached more than 350 million copies sold by April 2025, maintaining its position as the world’s best-selling video game by reported unit sales.
• The game crossed 300 million copies in October 2023, becoming the first video game known to reach that milestone.
• Consequently, Minecraft added at least 50 million sales in roughly 18 months between October 2023 and April 2025.
• That 50 million-copy increase represents growth of at least 16.7% from the 300 million milestone.
• Minecraft crossed 200 million copies sold in 2020, meaning reported lifetime sales increased by more than 150 million during the following five years.
• Total sales had reached approximately 176 million copies by May 2019, when Minecraft’s 10th anniversary was celebrated.
• In October 2018, cumulative sales stood at about 154 million copies, showing an increase of roughly 22 million during the following seven months.
• Minecraft crossed 100 million cumulative sales in June 2016, so the game added more than 250 million additional unit sales between that milestone and April 2025.
• The April 2025 total means Minecraft’s lifetime unit sales were 3.5 times the 100 million-copy milestone recorded in 2016.
• Between the 2020 milestone of 200 million and the 2023 milestone of 300 million, reported sales expanded by 50%, an unusual growth rate for a title already a decade old.

Minecraft Player Count by Country and Region

• The United States accounts for an estimated 21.21% of active Minecraft players, the largest share assigned to any single country in the available regional dataset.
• Brazil ranks second with approximately 6.17% of global tracked activity, giving Latin America a substantial presence in Minecraft’s player ecosystem.
• Russia represents about 5.59% of tracked global players, ranking third in the same geographic distribution.
• The United Kingdom contributes an estimated 5.06%, making it the largest Western European national share in the five-country breakdown.
• Germany follows with approximately 4.60% of global active-player activity.
• Together, those five markets account for about 42.63% of the geographic distribution, while all other countries collectively represent approximately 57.37%.
• Expanded 2026 estimates assign Canada about 3.42%, France 3.18%, and Mexico 2.95% of the player base, reinforcing Minecraft’s reach across North America and Western Europe.
• Australia accounts for an estimated 2.41% and Japan about 2.08% in the expanded geographic dataset.
• Based on the estimated 212.32 million 2026 MAU figure, a 21.21% US share would imply roughly 45 million monthly US players. This is an illustrative calculation based on two estimated datasets, not an independently reported official count.
• Minecraft’s education footprint provides a separate measure of geographic reach: classroom use has been documented across more than 100 countries, showing that its global presence extends beyond consumer gaming.

Minecraft Revenue by Year

• Third-party estimates place Minecraft’s total 2024 revenue at approximately $220 million, although this is not a separately reported audited figure.
• The same historical series estimates 2023 revenue at approximately $250 million, implying a 12% year-over-year decrease into 2024.
• Estimated Minecraft revenue reached about $315 million in 2022, approximately $65 million above the estimated 2023 level.
• The estimate for 2021 stands near $380 million, during the period when mobile spending also reached a historical high.
• Estimated 2020 revenue was approximately $415 million, reflecting the major increase in gaming activity during the first year of the pandemic.
• Minecraft’s estimated annual revenue peaked near $500 million in 2018 in the cited historical dataset.
• The same series estimates approximately $420 million in 2016, highlighting the franchise’s strong commercial performance before reaching its later sales milestones.
• Estimated revenue stood near $350 million in 2015, one year after the franchise changed ownership.
• The historical series places 2012 revenue at about $211 million, illustrating how quickly Minecraft became a major commercial product soon after its full release.
• For fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2026, corporate reporting continues to group Minecraft inside the wider gaming business rather than publishing a standalone annual Minecraft revenue figure; therefore, any precise 2025 or 2026 franchise-wide estimate should be treated as modeled data rather than an audited result.

Minecraft In-Game Purchases and Marketplace Economy

• Marketplace Pass costs $3.99 per month in the United States and provides subscribers with access to a rotating catalog of Marketplace content.
• Realms Plus costs $7.99 per month and includes access to the Marketplace Pass catalog in addition to a private multiplayer server.
• Realms Plus currently includes more than 150 rotating Marketplace items, giving subscribers access to worlds, skins, and other downloadable content.
• A February 2026 independent catalog analysis counted 40,208 Marketplace items across its observed dataset.
• The same analysis identified approximately 326 active Marketplace creators at the time of collection, while a later creator directory listed 347 creator entries, showing that the catalog continues to change.
• Skin packs dominated the observed Marketplace catalog with 28,819 items, representing more than 70% of products in the analyzed dataset.
• World templates accounted for 9,860 products and generated more than 18.19 million recorded ratings in the same catalog analysis.
• Skin packs generated more than 15.24 million recorded ratings, with an average rating of about 4.50 out of 5 in the February 2026 dataset.
• Marketplace partners can sell maps, adventures, textures, and skin packs to an addressable Minecraft audience that the partner program describes as exceeding 100 million players worldwide.
• A newer affiliate program offers eligible participants a 5% commission on qualifying Marketplace product purchases driven through their referral links, expanding Minecraft’s commercial creator ecosystem beyond direct Marketplace sellers.

Minecraft Sales Distribution by Platform

• Mobile (Pocket Edition) accounts for 46% of total Minecraft sales, making smartphones and tablets the game’s leading platform and highlighting strong demand for accessible, portable gameplay.
• PC versions, including Java Edition and Bedrock Edition, contribute 32% of total sales, reflecting continued interest in desktop gaming, custom modifications, multiplayer servers, and creative building experiences.
• Console editions across Xbox, PlayStation, and Nintendo Switch represent 22% of overall Minecraft sales, demonstrating the game’s continued popularity among traditional console players.
• Mobile sales exceed PC sales by 14 percentage points, showing that portable devices account for a substantially larger share of Minecraft purchases than computers.
• Mobile sales surpass console sales by 24 percentage points, indicating that smartphone and tablet purchases account for more than twice the share of console purchases.
• PC and console platforms collectively represent 54% of total sales, meaning traditional gaming platforms together maintain a slightly larger share than mobile devices alone.

Minecraft Mobile Spending Statistics

• Current app-market estimates place Minecraft’s lifetime mobile revenue at approximately $1.13 billion.
• Minecraft generated an estimated $111.5 million in mobile revenue during 2025, keeping the paid game among the industry’s longest-running mobile earners.
• Estimated 2024 mobile revenue was about $92.7 million, which means 2025 revenue increased by roughly 20% in the same dataset.
• In 2023, estimated mobile revenue reached approximately $82.3 million, making 2024 the first year of renewed growth after the earlier pandemic-era decline.
• Minecraft’s strongest mobile year in the current dataset was 2021, when revenue reached approximately $164.1 million.
• By the latest 2026 year-to-date measurement available in the dataset, Minecraft had generated approximately $38.3 million in mobile revenue.
• Minecraft mobile generated approximately $969,000 in gross player spending on April 12, 2025, its strongest single day in more than three years at the time.
• Mobile spending rose 32% on the day of the film’s release, providing a measurable example of cross-media promotion translating into game spending.
• April 2025 mobile spending reached an estimated $14.36 million, compared with approximately $7.66 million in September 2024, an increase of about 87% between those two monthly observations.
• May 2025 remained elevated at approximately $11.30 million, while June generated about $9.70 million, indicating that spending stayed above late-2024 levels after the April peak.

Minecraft Playtime, Retention, and Player Engagement Statistics

• Minecraft players broke more than 300 billion blocks in 2024, one of the clearest official measures of aggregate player activity.
• Averaged across the year, 300 billion blocks equal roughly 822 million blocks per day.
• Players explored more than 85 million biomes during 2024, averaging approximately 233,000 biome explorations per day if spread evenly across the year.
• Minecraft players tamed more than 100 million wolves in 2024, demonstrating substantial interaction with a mechanic that has existed since the game’s early years.
• Players crafted more than 1 million pieces of wolf armor during 2024 following the introduction of the feature that year.
• The community defeated approximately 20 million breezes in 2024, showing broad engagement with content introduced through the Tricky Trials update.
• Players opened around 4 million ominous vaults in 2024, another indicator of repeat participation in newer trial-chamber gameplay.
• More than 2 million maces were crafted during 2024, meaning uptake of the new weapon reached the millions within its first year.
• Minecraft’s product team shifted toward releasing multiple game drops each year, rather than relying solely on one large annual update, a strategy designed to give active players new features more frequently.
• Long-term retention is also visible in sales: Minecraft advanced from 200 million copies in 2020 to more than 350 million by April 2025, adding at least 150 million sales roughly a decade after its original full release.

Minecraft Twitch Statistics

• Minecraft averaged approximately 68,840 concurrent viewers in January 2026, the highest monthly average recorded during the first seven months of 2026 in the cited series.
• February 2026 averaged approximately 43,970 viewers, down about 36% from January’s elevated level.
• Average viewership stood near 33,650 in March 2026 before rising to 38,750 in April.
• May 2026 averaged approximately 36,700 concurrent viewers, while June increased to 42,530.
• July 2026 recorded approximately 37,200 average viewers, confirming that Minecraft continued to attract tens of thousands of concurrent viewers more than 15 years after its first public version.
• During 2025, November produced an unusually strong 92,070 average viewers, more than double September’s approximately 33,830.
• In May 2025, viewers consumed approximately 31.9 million hours of Minecraft livestreams, up 14.7% from April.
• May 2025 also generated approximately 42,900 average viewers, 2,200 average active channels, and a peak audience of about 215,300.
• June 2025 recorded 26 million hours watched, approximately 36,100 average viewers, and a higher peak of about 268,900 viewers.
• In July 2025, the leading individual Minecraft streamer generated approximately 1.38 million viewer hours during the measured 30-day period, while the second-ranked streamer generated about 1.19 million.

Minecraft Server and Multiplayer Statistics

• A standard Bedrock Realm allows the subscriber plus two additional players to play simultaneously.
• Realms Plus increases simultaneous capacity to the owner plus 10 additional players.
• Java Realms also support the subscriber plus 10 simultaneous players.
• A Realm can have as many as 10,000 invited friends, even though only the plan’s smaller simultaneous-player limit can be online at one time.
• Standard Bedrock Realms cost $3.99 per month, providing an always-online private server at the lower subscription tier.
• Realms Plus and Java Realms each cost $7.99 per month in the United States.
• All three current Realms plans include three world slots, although only one world operates as the active Realm at a time.
• New subscribers can qualify for a 30-day Realms trial, lowering the entry barrier for private multiplayer.
• Bedrock Realms support cross-play across eight listed platform categories, connecting mobile, PC and major console ecosystems under one multiplayer service.
• Java Realms support cross-play across Windows, macOS and Linux, while Java and Bedrock Realm populations remain separate because players must use the same edition to join one another.

Minecraft YouTube Watch Time Statistics

• Minecraft-related videos officially crossed 1 trillion cumulative YouTube views in December 2021, becoming the first gaming category to reach that threshold.
• Current API-based tracking places Minecraft-related content at approximately 1.26 trillion views in 2026, or roughly 256 billion more views than the verified 2021 milestone.
• The tracked Minecraft video ecosystem contains approximately 21.87 million videos across more than 702,000 channels as of 2026.
• Those tracked videos represent more than 432,000 days of uploaded content, equivalent to over 1,180 years of video duration.
• Minecraft-related videos in the tracking dataset have a mean duration of about 28 minutes, 29 seconds, while the median sits much lower at approximately 8 minutes, 2 seconds.
• Creators uploaded approximately 965,700 tracked Minecraft videos during 2025, following more than 2.30 million in 2024.
• By the available 2026 measurement point, another 323,000-plus Minecraft videos had entered the tracked dataset.
• The official Minecraft channel had approximately 21.8 million subscribers and 6.64 billion lifetime video views by July 2026.
• During 2026, Shorts generated approximately 156.6 million tracked views on the official channel compared with 30.8 million long-form views in the available year-to-date measurement, giving Shorts about 84% of those tracked views.
• The March 21, 2026 Minecraft LIVE broadcast accumulated approximately 4.34 million views, showing that long-form update presentations can still attract multimillion-view audiences alongside short-form content.

Minecraft in Education and Global Cultural Impact

• More than 40,000 school systems across 140 countries now use Minecraft Education to support educational goals.
• That footprint has expanded beyond an earlier reported presence in 115 countries, showing continued international adoption of the education platform.
• Minecraft Education offers more than 600 standards-aligned lessons across areas including STEM, coding, history, language arts and social-emotional learning.
• The current education software supports 29 listed languages, ranging from English and Spanish to Japanese, Korean, Ukrainian and Indonesian.
• Minecraft Education works across six major platform categories: Windows, Mac, Chromebook, iPad, Android and iOS.
• Historical program data records more than 200 million Minecraft Hour of Code sessions, illustrating the franchise’s role in introductory computer-science education.
• More than 100,000 educators had received Minecraft Education training by the program’s earlier global milestone, creating a substantial teacher community around game-based learning.
• More than 500,000 students had participated in Minecraft build challenges and esports activities across countries including the United States, Japan, Sweden, Singapore and Australia.
• The commercial Minecraft Education license increased to $36 per user per year starting Sept. 4, 2025, providing a current pricing benchmark for organizations outside qualified educational licensing structures.
• In 2025, a Minecraft sustainability challenge linked students across four Southeast Asian countries, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore, illustrating the platform’s use for cross-border learning projects.

Minecraft as a Social Platform and Community Engagement

• The current partner program describes an addressable Minecraft audience of more than 100 million players worldwide for creators selling maps, skins, adventures and texture packs.
• A June 2026 community challenge attracted more than 250,000 participating players, enough to unlock a free multiplayer-focused reward for the wider community.
• The preceding June 2026 Chaos Sparks challenge asked the community to place 20 million sulfur blocks, spawn 50 million sulfur cubes, or feed TNT to 10 million sulfur cubes.
• In September 2025, players collectively mined 50 million copper ore blocks in four days to finish another official community challenge.
• A June 2025 challenge set a target of spawning 50 million happy ghosts, linking new gameplay content directly to collective participation.
• Another community event challenged players to place 50 million resin blocks and defeat 75 million creakings, and both objectives reached 100% completion.
• More than 21,000 builders submitted entries for the 2026 Minecraft Movie Build Challenge, making it the largest community build challenge in franchise history.
• Minecraft’s affiliate program pays an initial 5% commission on qualifying Marketplace purchases generated through approved affiliate links, giving creators another route to monetize their audiences.
• Affiliate purchases remain refundable for 30 days before qualifying actions lock, while approved payments follow the program’s subsequent payment schedule.
• Minecraft LIVE now runs twice per year, giving the community two recurring major broadcasts for new content announcements instead of the previous single annual event.

Minecraft Merchandise and Cross-Industry Collaborations

• A Minecraft Movie generated approximately $960.4 million worldwide during its 2025 theatrical run, including roughly $424.1 million domestically and $536.3 million internationally.
• Its global opening weekend reached $313.7 million, setting a record at the time for the largest worldwide opening weekend by a movie based on a video game.
• The film opened to approximately $162.8 million domestically from 4,263 theaters during its first weekend.
• The movie carried a reported production budget of approximately $150 million, meaning its eventual worldwide theatrical gross exceeded the production budget by more than six times before marketing and distribution expenses.
• A 2026 announcement confirmed a £50 million Minecraft World project scheduled to open near London in 2027 as the first fully immersive permanent Minecraft theme-park land.
• The larger location-based entertainment partnership was initially valued at approximately $110 million, with plans covering attractions, themed accommodation and retail experiences.
• The 2025 adidas collaboration extended across at least five core product categories: T-shirts, shorts, tracksuits, footwear and accessories, alongside free downloadable in-game content.
• A second adidas collaboration launched in November and December 2025 across three product ranges, Originals, Sportswear and Terrex, while also adding a free digital world to Minecraft Marketplace.
• The 2025 LEGO Minecraft assortment continued to target children as young as 7 and 8 years old, extending the game’s physical-product reach to a core school-age demographic.
• The planned Minecraft World attraction sits only about 35 minutes by direct train from central London, connecting a digital franchise with a major tourism market beginning in 2027.

Minecraft Monthly Active Users Compared With Other Popular Games

• Minecraft records approximately 212 million monthly active users, making it one of the most popular cross-platform games worldwide in 2026.
• Roblox leads the comparison with 380 million monthly active users, attracting approximately 168 million more players than Minecraft.
• Minecraft maintains a significantly larger audience than PUBG Mobile, which has an estimated 110 million to 150 million monthly active users.
• League of Legends reaches approximately 117 million monthly active users, giving Minecraft an advantage of around 95 million players.
• Fortnite attracts approximately 110 million monthly active users, meaning Minecraft has about 102 million more monthly players.
• Among the games listed, Minecraft ranks second, with a monthly audience nearly double the size of Fortnite’s player base.

Future Trends and Predictions for Minecraft

• The first permanent theme-park land represents a £50 million investment opening in 2027.
• More than 40,000 school systems across 140 countries actively use Minecraft Education.
• Creator commerce includes a 5% starting Marketplace commission under the affiliate program.
• Upcoming building features introduce concrete stairs and slabs in all 16 concrete colors.
• New 2026 explorer maps direct players toward at least 5 named destination types.
• The franchise transitioned Minecraft LIVE from 1 to 2 broadcasts each year.
• Preview and Beta testing for the 3rd game drop of 2026 commenced by August 5, 2026.
• The Tiny Takeover update launched on March 24, 2026, as the year’s 1st game drop.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Conclusion

Minecraft’s statistics show a franchise that continues to grow despite being more than 15 years into its lifecycle. Its strength comes from a combination of 350 million-plus copies sold, sustained monthly player activity, a large mobile business, creator-driven Marketplace commerce, extensive multiplayer participation, and a massive video ecosystem. Minecraft also reaches far beyond conventional gaming, with adoption across 40,000 school systems in 140 countries, major merchandise partnerships, a nearly $1 billion theatrical release, and new investments in location-based entertainment.

At the same time, Minecraft’s faster update schedule and continued investment in creators, visual upgrades, education and community events give the franchise several ways to maintain engagement. The game now operates as a paid title, social environment, creator economy, classroom platform, media property and consumer brand at the same time. That diversified model helps explain why Minecraft remains relevant across children, teens, adults, educators, creators and entertainment companies. While some active-user, revenue and demographic figures still rely on third-party estimates, the broader data consistently points to one conclusion: Minecraft remains one of the most commercially successful, widely used and culturally influential gaming properties in the world.